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In the Democratic Republic of the Congo, the traditional fishing by poisoning of the freshwater ecosystems is one of the sources of animal proteins for the population of the forest regions. The aim of the present survey was to value the environmental impact of the ichtyotoxic plants-based fishing on the freshwater biodiversity. Surveys were carried out in Businga sector (Nord Ubangi) according to the probabilistic sampling technique based on a poll to several degrees. The findings indicated that this traditional technique of fishing is practiced more by female than male (54 vs 45%) and it is practiced by people belonging to the age group of 44 to 51 years. Blighia welwetschii is the most used plant species (35%) followed by Tephrosia vogelii (25%). It was observed that this traditional fishing is more practiced in dry season (88%) than in rainy season (12%). 81% of the practitioners do not have any knowledge on the conservation and the protection of biodiversity. Since the chemical pollution of the rivers by natural products of plant origin already entailed the disappearance of some fish species in this ecosystem, it is therefore necessary that to conduct awareness campaign to the populations for a participative approach to the conservation of aquatic biodiversity in Nord Ubangi Province in general and precisely in Businga Sector through the usual aquaculture system for a sustainable development.

Ichthyotoxic Plants, Traditional Fishing, Blighia Welwetchii, Biodiversity Conservation

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