[01] Mohammad Rakibul Alam, Department of Molecular Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea. [02] Sharmin Akther, Department of Public Health, North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh. [03] Mohammad Nazmul Hosen, Faculty of Medicine, Chattogram Medical Collage, Chattogram, Bangladesh.

Emerging infectious diseases are the concerning challenge in recent years. A large number of emerging zoonotic viruses like Marbug virus, Hendra virus, Ebola virus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV), Middle East respiratory coronavirus (MERS-CoV), SARS-CoV-2 and their corresponding natural reservoirs are identified during last decades. Among many infectious agents, Nipah virus (NiV) outbreaks have got much attention due to its extreme fatalities especially in South-East Asia. NiV is a significant bat-borne paramyxovirus that causes yearly outbreak of fatal encephalitis in one of the most populous region of the earth. A decades of research established that bats are the well identified reservoirs of Nipah virus, a bird’s eye provides us a clear insight about several anthropogenic factors that are responsible for driving bats to spread out this specific virus as well as other fatal viruses. In this review, we have focused on the anthropogenic stress mediated disturbances of natural balanced state of host-parasite, which results in the seasonal outbreak of Nipah virus mediated diseases.

Anthropogenic Stress, Glucocorticoid, Immune Suppression, Viral Load, Emergence

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