[01] Iqramul Haq, Department of Statistics, Faculty of Science, Jagannath University, Dhaka, Bangladesh.

Early pregnancy is the most primitive factors on fertility transition in Bangladesh. Fertility is directly changed through the women involved with early conception in her reproductive life. This study explores the Influence and Determinants of socio-demographic associated with early conception take place before 18 years of age among ever-married women of reproductive age in Bangladesh by utilizing the information extracted from the 2014 Bangladesh Demographic and Health Surveys (BDHS). To examine the interaction between the outcome variable and independent variables we conducted chi-squared test. Popular Binary logistic regression model is also used here to identify the risk of factors for early conception before 18 years of age in 2014. The findings of the study reveal that the practice of early conception is very common in Bangladesh. This study show that majority of the participants had experienced teenage marital pregnancy. Findings suggest that current age, women’s education, husband education, place of residence, socioeconomic status, religion, and regions are important determinants of early pregnancy in Bangladesh. The results of the study strongly suggested that Govt. should accord female education again with Increase the in and out of school girls’ knowledge about the consequences of early marriage and empower them girls to actively control their sexuality. Furthermore, government programs in television, radio and print media need to scream out loud the ills of dowry, child marriage and early pregnancy. Finally, there is a need to increase community awareness about the dangers of teenage pregnancy through a mass media campaign.

Teenage Pregnancy, Early Conception, Sexual Intercourse, Age at Cohabitation, Media Exposure, SDG3, MDG

[01] Adolescent pregnancy | UNFPA - United Nations Population Fund (2017). [02] UNFPA (2016) Universal Access to Reproductive Health PROGRESS AND CHALLENGES. [03] United Nations (2017), The Sustainable Development Goals Report 2017, New York, United Nations. [04] Borja, J. B. & Adair, L. S. (2003). Assessing the net effect of young maternal age on birthweight. American Journal of Human Biology., 15, (6) 733-740. [05] Wang, C.-S. & Chou, P. 2003. Differing risk factors for premature birth in adolescent mothers and adult mothers. Journal of the Chinese Medical Association, 66, (9) 511-517. [06] Magadi, M. A., Madise, N. J., & Rodrigues, R. N. 2000 Frequency and timing of antenatal care in Kenya: explaning the variations between women of different communities Social Science andMedicine 51, 551-561. [07] [7 Treffers, P. E. 2003. Teenage pregnancie, a worldwide problem. [Dutch]. Nederlands Tijdschriftvoor Geneeskunde., 147, (47) 2320-2325. [08] Simoes, V. M., Silva, A. A., &Bettiol, H. 2003 Characteristics of adolescent pregnancy, Brazil Rev. Saude Publica 37, 559-565. [09] Da Silva, A. A. M., es, V. M. F., Barbieri, M. A., Bettiol, H., Lamy-Filho, F., Coimbra, L. C., &Alves, M. T. S. S. (2003). Young maternal age and preterm birth. Paediatric and Perinatal Epidemiology., 17, (4) 332-339. [10] National Institute of Population Research and Training (NIPORT), Mitra and Associates, and ICF International. 2016. Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey 2014. Dhaka, Bangladesh, and Rockville, Maryland, USA: NIPORT, Mitra and Associates, and ICF International. [11] Singh S., Darroch JE. Adolescent pregnancy and childbearing: levels and trends in developed countries. Family Planning Perspectives. 2000; 32: 14-23. [12] Arjun A, Ayad M, Kumar S (1991). The Role of Nuptiality in Fertility Decline: A comparative analysis. In: Proceedings of the Demographic and Health Surveys World Conference. Washington DC, Columbia, Maryland. Vol. 2. [13] Asaduzzaman M. and M. H. R. Khan. 2009. “Identifying potential factors of childbearing in Bangladesh.” Asian Social Science 5 (3): 147-154. [14] Sayem, A. M., &Nury, A. T. M. (2011). Factors associated with teenage marital pregnancy among Bangladeshi women. Reproductive Health, 8, 16. http://doi.org/10.1186/1742-4755-8-16. [15] Haque MA, Sayem AM: Socioeconomic determinants of age at first birth in rural areas of Bangladesh. Asia-Pacific Journal of Public Health 2009, 21: 104-111. [16] Berglas N, Brindis C, Cohen J: Adolescent pregnancy and childbearing in California. 2003 [http://www.library.ca.gov/crb/03/07/03-007.pdf], accessed on 02/02/2011. [17] Singh, S. 1998. “Adolescent childbearing in developing countries: A global review.” Studiesin Family Planning, 29: 117-136. [18] Kamal, SMM. Factors affecting utilization of skilled maternity care services among married adolescents in Bangladesh. Asian Popul Stud. 2009; 5: 153-170. [19] Nguyen, H.; Shiu, C.; Farber, N. Prevalence and Factors Associated with Teen Pregnancy in Vietnam: Results from Two National Surveys. Societies 2016, 6, 17. [20] Nasrin, S. O., & Rahman, K. M. (2012). Factors affecting early marriage and early conception of women: A case of slum areas in Rajshahi City, Bangladesh. International Journal of Sociology and Anthropology, 4 (2), 54. [21] Nahar Q. and Min, H. (2008). Trends and Determinants of Adolescent Childbearing in Bangladesh, DHS Working Paper No. 48, Demographic and Health Research, Calverton, MD. [22] Chedraui P, Hidalgo L, Chavez M, Glenda SM: Determinant factors in Ecuador related to pregnancy among adolescents aged 15 or less. Journal of Perinatal Medicine 2004, 32: 337-341. [23] Peña R, Liljestrand J, Zelaya E, Persson LA: Fertility and infant mortality trends in Nicaragua 1964-1993. The role of women’s education. Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health 1999, 53: 132-7. [24] Waszak C., Thapa S., Davey J. Influence of gender norms on the reproductive health of adolescent in Nepal-perspectives of youth. World Health Organization, Geneva. 2003. [25] Nahar, Q. 2007. Risk, vulnerability and protection among Bangladeshi adolescents. PhD dissertation. Honolulu: University of Hawai‘i. [26] Rosenberg, M., Pettifor, A., Miller, W. C., Thirumurthy, H., Emch, M., Afolabi, S. A.,... Tollman, S. (2015). Relationship between school dropout and teen pregnancy among rural South African young women. International Journal of Epidemiology, 44, 928–936. doi: 10.1093/ije/dyv007. [27] Maly, C., McClendon, K. A., Baumgartner, J. N., Nakyanjo, N., Ddaaki, W. G., Serwadda, D.,... & Wagman, J. A. (2017). Perceptions of Adolescent Pregnancy Among Teenage Girls in Rakai, Uganda. Global qualitative nursing research, 4, 2333393617720555. [28] Parsons J, Edmeades J, Kes A, Petroni S, Sexton M, Wodon Q. Economic impacts of child marriage: a review of the literature. Review Faith Int Affairs. 2015; 13 (3): 12–22. [29] Yakubu, I., & Salisu, W. J. (2018). Determinants of adolescent pregnancy in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review. Reproductive Health, 15, 15. http://doi.org/10.1186/s12978-018-0460-4 [30] Jacques Elengemoke Mpilambo, Sathiya Susuman Appunni, Ogujiuba Kanayo & Nancy Stiegler (2017) Determinants of Early Marriage among Young Women in Democratic Republic of Congo, Journal of Social Sciences, 52: 1-3, 82-91, DOI: 10.1080/09718923.2017.1322393.